Lesson 31 - Consolidation Flight

25 March 2012

VH-TAU

Weather : QNH 1023, Broken cloud at 2500ft and 4000ft, scattered rain, 13C, 
                light winds (5kt NW gusting to 8kt)

Today's lesson was another consolidation flight.  I've passed my area-solo theory test and I'm getting close to going solo in the training area.  The goal of today's lesson is to show Jason I can depart Moorabbin, fly out to the training area, do some practice and return safely.

Like my last consolidation flight, a month ago, Jason asks me to do something and I'm expected to know how to do it.

Lesson 28 : consolidation flight

26 February  
Warrior III VH-TXU

Weather QNH 1012; Wind: 20-25kt NW, Temp: 29c, broken cloud at 5000ft  

Runway 35R

Today's lesson was a consolidation flight. While Jason didn't teach me anything new,  I learnt a lot about how to put everything together.

Lesson 7 – More stalls

31^st July 2011  VH-TXU

Back with my normal instructor this week and off to practice some more stalls and my radio calls.   I feel like I’m starting to get the preflight, start, taxi, and run-up, but there is always little few to improve next lesson.  Next week I want to focus on ; learning to to operate the transponder fully, making sure I have my “radio calls” cheat sheet with me for each flight, maintaining good taxi speeds.

Once cleared , we took-off and head straight for the turning area without issue.  (Need to watch my heading and height control, as well as making better use of the trim during the climb.)

Like last week we did our HASEL checks then a number of stalls. (couple of “clean” stalls with powered recovery, couple with no power recovery, and a few with flaps.) Again I’m surprised by how much back pressure I need to get into the full stall and how benign the plane behaviours when it does finally stall.  (review HASEL checklist,  don’t be timid pulling back, Power then retract my flaps)

All too soon, it’s time to head back to Moorabbin via Carrum.  By the time we get to Carrum We need to be at 1500ft.  To do that we start descending from 3500ft around Cranbourne (2000ft @ 500ft/min requires 4 mins, @ 100kts GS = approx  7nm). 

Before I get to Carrum I need to check the ATIS on 120.9 and swap to the West tower (123.0).  It’s worth doing this early, so I can get a chance to listen to any another aircraft making their inbound calls. (Thus building situational awareness of the other aircraft).  Finally we need to switch the transponder from 1200 to squawk 3000 and call the tower.  “Moorabbin tower, Warrior TXU, Received <ATIS>, Carrum One thousand five hundred, Inbound.”

As I’ll be starting circuits soon, Jason gives me an introduction to “landings”.  We a doing a straight in approach, so first we need to get down to pattern altitude 1000ft (before we reach 3nm) and do the pre-landing checks (Will cover these in my circuits post), set up the descent, power back, flaps, attitude, & speed. If we  get a bit low add power and if too high reduce it. Finally the flare and landing.    This is going to take some practice.  (I’ve got a million thinks going through my head and felt way behind the plane.  Need to relax )

Another great lesson with the promise of more fun to come.

Piper Warrior III VH-TXU,  Flight Time 1.2hr (Total 7.9 hrs)

Lesson 6 - Stalls.

10 July 2011   cancelled due to weather.

17 July 2011   Warrior III - VH-TXH

In 12 years of paragliding I'd never intentional stall my paraglider - probably because it collapses into a ball above your head and all hell breaks loose.  But now I had to make a plane stop flying and fall out of the sky.

My lesson is booked for Sunday 10th July but when I wake up and look out the window and it looks like the weather gods have decided I have to wait another week. My first cancelled lesson. 

Stall by Jetfxer

The next week comes around and the weather is looking much better but when I arrived at the airport, I find out Jason is running very late and won't be able to make my lesson.  I'm starting to think this was not meant to be. 

Luckily Fenella has some time before her first lesson, so I’m not going to get out of it - to be honest I was hanging out for a fly. So once again I’m with a different instructor.  

We take-off and head to the training area and it’s time. 

• HASEL check – Height, Area, Secure, Engine and Lookout,
• Carb heat on, Power to idle,
• Keep pulling back to try and maintain height until,
• The stall alarm starts going off, Carb heat off,
• The buffering starts then plane stops flying and nose drops
• Let it drop, apply full power, keep it straight with the rudder
• As the speed builds level out and return to Straight and level flight.

THAT’S IT??? Clearly I’ve seen too many airshows. While I wasn’t expecting a hammer head stall, I was expecting a bit more of a reaction.

The next few were much the same non-event.  We did have one small wing drop but had it quickly under control with opposite rudder.  All in all, another fun day of flying.

Piper Warrior III VH-TXH,  Flight Time 1.2hr (Total 6.7hrs)

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Technical stuff

•      HASEL check – 

o   Height - 3000Ft+

o   Area – No over build up areas, preferably lots of paddocks,

o   Secure – Hatches, Harness and any loose items away,

o   Engine – Oil Temp & Pressure, Fuel Pressure, fuel pump on, carb heat on, and

o   Lookout 360^O clearing turn, (follow by 90^O turn after each stall)

• For the Warrior III VS₁ (Clean Stall Speed) = 50KIAS and VS₀ (Stall Speed with full flaps) =44KIAS
• The Stall angle of attack doesn’t change.  How the Stall speed does.
• Stall Speed is effected by

1.    Weight – VS₀ and VS₁ are measured at Maximum weight.  The stall speed will be lower when the plane is lighter.
              VS = √(current weight/Maximum weight) X VS_{(max weight)}

2.    Change in wing lift profile Ie Using Flaps, Slats, Damage to the wing, Icing etc.  As an example applying flaps increases the lift produced by the wing for the same angle of attack.  Icing on the other hand decrease the lift produced by the wing.

3.    Dynamic wing loading.  The stall stall increases by 2 main manoeuvres to watch out for  

a.    Turns In a turn the lift vector is banked, so more lift is required counter the weight of the aircraft.  Eg in a 60% bank the load factor is 2.  Increase in stall speed is √load factor ie. √2 =1.414.

b.    Drive recovery. Eg in a 2G pull out the load factor is 2 so once again increase in stall speed is √load factor ie. √2 =1.414.

4.    Use of Power. 

a.    Increasing power increases the airflow over the wing root and hence generates more lift.  It also acts at a lower angle of attack. 

b.    In a climb the power trust line is inclined and the vertical component therefore helps “lift” the plane.

• DON’T use the ailerons to pick up a Drop wing at the point of stall.  Using ailerons to try and level the plane will only increase the angle of attack of the dropped wing further.  This will further stall the dropped wing  making it worst.  Use the rudder instead.  The secondary effect of yawing is roll.
• As the Angle of attack increases the Centre of Pressure C_p moves forward.  At the point of stall it moves rapidly backwards, which causes the nose to drop (Which is a good thing)